Table_S1

<i>Diaporthe eres</i>, strain (PH01), isolated from defected hazelnuts and confirmed by morphological and molecular analysis (Battilani et al., 2018), was used to define the its ecological needs. Plugs from the margin of one-week old water agar (WA) plates, were transferred into the middle of Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) Petri dishes (Ø=90 mm) and under different incubation conditions. Incubation temperature ranged between 5 and 35°C; PDA was amended to obtain different water activities (a_w), between 0.90 and 0.99 (PDA modified according to Dallyn and Fox, 1980), Measurements were conducted to evaluate: i) mycelial growth, ii) pycnidial conidiomata production and iii) cirrhi occurrence. The germination of α conidia, collected from cirrhi produced by <i>D. eres</i> pycnidial conidiomata was observed under different T (5-45°C, step of 5°C) and relative humidity (RH; 94%, 97%, 99%), according to Ciliberti et al. (2015). In the following sheets, raw data obtained from different experiments, are reported. Sheet '<b>Legend</b>' includes the list of acronyms, unit of measures and eventual explanations Sheet <b>'Growth (T)</b>' includes raw data obtained measuring colony diameter (Ø, mm), at different temperatures (T, °C - ranged between 5-35°C, step of 5°C) and incubation time (t, days), in 5 replicates (rep); Sheet <b>'Growth (a_w)</b>' includes raw data of colony diameter growth (Ø, mm) on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) with modified a_w (a_w= 0.99, 0.98, 0.96, 0.93, 0.90), in different incubation time (t, days), in 5 replicates (rep); Sheet <b>'Pycnidial and cirrhi (T)'</b> reports data of pycnidial conidiomata (n) and cirrhi (n), observed on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) under different temperatures regimes (T, °C - ranged between 5-35°C, step of 5°C), in different incubation time (days), in 5 replicates (rep); Sheet <b>'Pycnidial and cirrhi (a_w)'</b> reports data of pycnidia conidiomata (n) and cirrhi (n), observed on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) with modified water activity (a_w= 0.99, 0.98, 0.96, 0.93, 0.90), in different incubation time (days), in 5 replicates (rep); Sheet '<b>Germination</b>' includes the germinated α conidia (Germ, n) observed in trials conducted at different relative humidity (RH= 94%, 97%, 99%), at different temperatures (T, °C - from 5 to 45°C, step of 5°C), in different incubation time (6, 12, 24 and 48 h). <b>References used in the caption:</b> Battilani P, Chiusa G, Arciuolo R, Somenzi M, Fontana M, Castello G, Spigolon N.. <i>Diaporthe</i> as the main cause of hazelnut defects in the Caucasus region. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 2018; 57: 220–233. DOI: 10.14601/Phytopathol Ciliberti N, Fermaud M, Languasco L, Rossi V. Influence of fungal strain, temperature, and wetness duration on infection of grapevine inflorescences and young berry clusters by <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>. Phytopathology. 2015; 105(3):325-33. Epub 2014/10/30. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-05-14-0152-R. PubMed PMID: 25354016 Dallyn H, Fox A. Spoilage of material of reduced water activity by xerophilic fungi. Society of Applied Bacteriology Technical Series, Academic Press, London. 1980:129-39.