Antibody responses of mice vaccinated with the combined conjugates after challenges with M. catarrhalis strains.

aMice (8 – 10 per group) were vaccinated intranasally (1 dose per week, 4 doses in total) with either the adjuvant cholera toxin alone (1 µg/dose/mouse) or the combined conjugates AB or ABC (2.5 µg of each carbohydrate per dose per mouse) plus adjuvant. One week after the last vaccination, mice were challenged with an aerosol of indicated M. catarrhalis strain (5×108 to 1×109 CFU/ml). The nasal washes and sera were harvested at 6 h after the challenge for antibody detection. Data are presented as geometric mean (GM) titer ± standard deviation (SD).