Research progress in high‑temperature performance testing methods for anti oxidation ablative coatings

As the demand for aerospace vehicles to withstand high temperatures， ultra-high speeds， and extremely harsh service environments becomes increasingly prominent， there are higher requirements for thermal protection materials in terms of temperature resistance， durability， and reliability. Surface coating technology has become one of the effective ways to improve the oxidation and ablation resistance of composite materials in high-temperature environments. Among these， ceramic coatings， with advantages such as high melting point， high hardness， good chemical stability， and excellent oxidation and ablation resistance， have become a key research direction in the field of surface coating technology. Well-performing ceramic coatings can protect the substrate from harsh external environments such as high temperatures， oxygen-rich conditions， and strong airflow， thereby extending the service life of composites and promoting their application in fields such as aerospace and marine. Addressing the extreme service environments faced by high-Mach-number vehicles， this paper systematically reviews the research progress in high-temperature performance testing technology for ceramic coatings， based on current advancements in testing performance. It focuses on a comprehensive comparative analysis of three core evaluation technologies： static oxidation resistance， thermal shock resistance， and dynamic oxidation ablation， including their testing methods， principles， applicable ranges， and limitations. To address some of the bottlenecks faced by antioxidant ablation ceramic coatings in performance evaluation， future efforts should focus on developing multi-field coupled simulations， establishing performance prediction frameworks， and promoting standardization of testing， to overcome technical barriers and accelerate the research， development， and application of high-performance coatings.