Meta-Analysis Dataset: Effectiveness of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Across 100 Studies (2000–2025)

This dataset presents a comprehensive meta-analysis of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) effectiveness across 100 studies conducted between 2000 and 2025. The included studies represent a mix of randomized controlled trials (62 studies) and observational studies (38 studies) conducted globally, encompassing diverse populations at heightened risk of HIV infection:
• Men who have sex with men (MSM) (42 studies)
• Serodiscordant couples (18 studies)
• People who inject drugs (PWID) (12 studies)
• High-risk heterosexuals (28 studies)

PrEP interventions covered in the analysis include both oral formulations (84 studies) and long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB) (16 studies).

The study adhered to PRISMA guidelines for systematic review and meta-analysis. A total of 2,134 records were initially identified, with 100 studies meeting inclusion criteria after full-text screening. Outcomes assessed include:
• HIV incidence reduction (relative risk, confidence intervals)
• PrEP adherence metrics (pill count, electronic monitoring, plasma levels, self-report)
• Safety and tolerability outcomes (GI events, renal function, bone density, injection-site reactions)
• Risk of bias assessment using the Cochrane tool (for RCTs) and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (for observational studies).

Findings highlight consistently high effectiveness among MSM (≈90% risk reduction with high adherence), substantial benefit in serodiscordant couples (≈75%), moderate protection among PWID (≈49%), and variable efficacy in heterosexual populations (46–77%). Adherence emerged as a critical determinant of effectiveness.

This dataset provides a modular synthesis matrix and detailed evidence tables that can be used by researchers, clinicians, and policymakers to optimize PrEP implementation strategies, improve adherence support, and inform public health guidelines.