Granulated straw incorporation with rotary tillage increases the content of soil organic carbon fractions, available nutrients, and shifts bacterial communities in East China

Granulated straw incorporation is a novel approach designed to enhance straw decomposition and improve soil fertility. However, the effects of different straw incorporation amounts under deep tillage and rotary tillage on soil available nutrients, soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions, bacterial communities and crop yield remain unclear. In a three-year field experiment, three granulated maize straw amounts (G1, 2250; G2, 4500; G3, 6750 kg hm-2) and two tillage methods (T, deep tillage; R, rotary tillage) were applied to evaluate their impacts on SOC fractions, available nutrients, bacterial communities and flue-cured tobacco yield.