MLEs of the position and effect parameters for a QTL with varying imprinting effects (λ) under simulation schemes of different heritabilities (H2) and sample sizes for each backcross (n).

The numbers in the parentheses are the square roots of the mean square errors of the MLEs calculated from 100 simulation replicates. The power to detect the imprinting effect (1) and maternal-zygotic interaction effect (2) of a QTL, and the Type I error rate under no imprinting effect were also given.Note: Simulation schemes: (1) H2 = 0.1 and n = 100, (2) H2 = 0.1 and n = 400, (3) H2 = 0.4 and n = 100, and (4) H2 = 0.4 and n = 400, where n denotes the sample size of each of the four backcrosses. For λ = 0, the residual variances σ12, σ22, σ32 and σ42 are 0.81, 2.25, 1.44, 0.09 for H2 = 0.1, and 0.14, 0.38, 0.24, 0.02 for H2 = 0.4, respectively. These values are 0.20, 1.10, 2.72, 0.56 for H2 = 0.1, and 0.03, 0.18, 0.45, 0.09 for H2 = 0.4 for λ = 0.3; 3.24, 5.76, 0.09, 0.36 for H2 = 0.1, and 0.54, 0.96, 0.02, 0.06 for H2 = 0.4 for λ = −0.6; and 0.09, 0.09, 5.76, 2.25 for H2 = 0.1, and 0.02, 0.02, 0.96, 0.38 for H2 = 0.4 for λ = 0.8.