Mean yields [kg ha−1] of cotton, soybean and wheat, and total productivity per cycle and across four years (2007–2010) in the farming systems compared in central India.

SEM: standard error of the mean, BIODYN: biodynamic, BIOORG: organic, CON: conventional, CONBtC: conventional with Bt cotton, different superscript letters indicate significant difference between farming systems within one Cycle (Tukey test, PFigure 2), P value and degrees of freedom (Df) of fixed effects in linear mixed effect models, random factors in the model: Year (n = 4), Block (n = 4), Pair (n = 16), for total productivity random factor Year was excluded as data from two years were compiled.