Results of the joint, stage one and stage two analyses of the 14 SNPs tested for association in stage two.

SNP = single nucleotide polymorphism, MAF = minor allele frequency, OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval, RARB = retinoic acid receptor beta, ROBO2 = roundabout axon guidance receptor homolog 2 (Drosophila), EYA1 = eyes absent homolog 1 (Drosophila), GFRA1 = GDNF family receptor alpha 1, GREM1 = gremlin 1 cysteine knot superfamily homolog (Xenopus laevis), UPK3A = uroplakin 3A.# top 14 p-value in the combined association results of all cases and the two endo-phenotype groups (clear cut primary VUR and duplex collecting system+VUR); SNP was analysed in stage 2 because of this result.$/underlined five SNPs in the joint analysis showing a trend towards association (a 95% CI for the OR that was not equal to one and a p-value smaller than 0.01); warrant replication.*CHI2 test.**Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test.***rs1403848 is in strong linkage disequilibrium (D' = 1 and r2> = 0.95) with rs1666130. Since rs1666130 is a perfect proxy for rs1403848, rs1403848 was not genotyped in stage two.****rs10103397 and rs9298164 are in strong linkage disequilibrium (D' = 1 and r2> = 0.95) with rs3735935. Since rs3735935 is a perfect proxy for both rs10103397 and rs9298164, they were not genotyped in stage two.