Genetic configuration for insecticide resistance mutation (IRM) and constitutive esterase activity (EST)of selected genotypes.

IRM genotypes were assigned according to whether or not the insects carried the IRM being studied. Thus, genotypes that did not carry any resistance mutations and were labeled as sensitive (S), genotypes were heterozygote for kdr were labeled as simple resistant (SR) and heterozygotes for both kdr and MACE mutations were labeled as multiple resistant (MR). Genotypes for EST activity were assigned following the nomenclature proposed by Devonshire et al. (1986, 1992). Thus, genotypes were classified as susceptible (S), moderately resistant (R1) and highly resistant (R2). Values are means ± SE. The genotypes shown with dark background were used for RT-qPCR experiments.