Ethical Implications of Neurocosmetics in Aesthetic Medicine: Social and Psychological Frameworks

Background: This systematic literature review analyzes the ethical, social, and psychological frameworks that govern the burgeoning field of neurocosmetics within aesthetic medicine. The objective is to synthesize recent scientific advancements from a range of interdisciplinary domains, including dermatology, neuroscience, psychology, and bioethics, to offer an integrated and nuanced perspective. Methods: The methodology involved a comprehensive analysis of peer-reviewed articles, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Results: The findings indicate that neurocosmetics modulate the neuro-immuno-cutaneous system (NICS) and the skin-brain axis to achieve both aesthetic and psychological effects, with some evidence of improvements in mood and self-perception. However, definitive proof for treating clinical conditions like anxiety and depression remains limited, often relying on small-scale or industry-funded studies. The widespread adoption of these interventions is deeply intertwined with social media, which fosters unrealistic expectations and contributes to a high prevalence of Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) among aesthetic patients. This review highlights core ethical dilemmas related to informed consent, the commodification of the human body, and the potential for psychological dependence. Conclusions: The report concludes that a holistic, patient-centered model of care, which integrates robust psychological screening, cultural competence, and transparent communication, is essential to navigate these ethical complexities. A commitment to rigorous, independent research and a defined regulatory framework are critical to ensure that the future of this field champions mental and emotional well-being alongside physical enhancement. notReviewed other