Reciprocal control of pyruvate kinase 1 and histone acetyltransferase GCN5 for metabolic and chromatin regulation of rice tolerance to heat stress

Here, we show that the pyruvate kinase 1 has a function to integrate stress signals for metabolic and epigenetic controls of heat tolerance in rice. Heat stress induces PK1 production, nuclear enrichment, lysine acetylation and activity for pyruvate accumulation, histone H3T11 phosphorylation and H3K9 acetylation, and gene expression. In addition, PK1 phosphorylates GCN5 and stimulates its activity for H3K9ac.