Immune-associated orthologous genes across primates

The immune system acts as a bridge between pathogenic microorganisms and their hosts. Despite its significance, to date, the evolutionary mechanisms of immune system complexity are largely not well understood in primates. In this study, we applied a newly developed strategy (TOGA pipeline) to generate a robust one-to-one orthologous gene catalog including 15,057 protein-coding genes accounting for ~78% of the annotated gene set of the human genome (hg38) and representing ~ 28.9 Mbp (coding sequence), across 50 primate species and two closest outgroups (Malayan flying lemur and Chinese tree shrew). Deeply, to obtain a comprehensive immune-associated gene catalog across primates, we investigated six known public datasets (GO, KEGG, InnateDB, Immport, HPO and Enard et al., 2016) and found that 4,744 of 5,635 immune-associated genes were covered in our constructed one-to-one orthologous catalog across 52 species.