When global metrics converge but predictions diverge: true absences expose spatial biases in species distribution model

Current and future climate data were obtained from the WorldClim database (https://www.worldclim.org). Future climate projections are based on the BCC-CSM2-MR model under the CMIP6 framework, also available via WorldClim. Soil data were obtained from the National Tibetan Plateau Data Center (https://data.tpdc.ac.cn). Topographic data (DEM90) were sourced from EarthEnv (https://www.earthenv.org/DEM). Future land-use data were obtained from figshare (Zhang et al. 2023; https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.23542860). Additional species occurrence records were downloaded from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF; https://www.gbif.org).