Study on the osteogenic differentiation ability of replicatively senescent human dental pulp stem cells by magnetium-doped bioactive glass

Human dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (hDPSCs) manifest replicative senescence during in-vitro expansion, leading to osteogenic differentiation capability diminution, thereby imposing constraints on tissue engineering application. Mg2+ in human body assumes a pivotal role in aging and osseous formation. However, the impact of Mg2+ on MSCs senescence remains opaque. Therefore, we synthesized Mg-BG powder by the sol-gel method and proved that it can effectively reverse the replicative senescence of hDPSCs and improve their osteogenic differentiation ability. We also implanted Mg-BG and replicatively aged hDPSCs into rat skull defect areas and found that Mg-BG can effectively improve the repair of bone defects by replicatively aged hDPSCs. And through transcriptome sequencing, it was found that the IKBKGP1-mediated NFkB pathway may play an important role in this. Mg-BG may become an effective innovative measurement to reverse the replicative senescence of hDPSCs and improve their bone defect repair ability.