2021 Population and Housing Census - Ghana

Abstract
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The population and housing census (PHC) is the unique source of reliable and comprehensive data about the size of population and also on major socio-economic & socio-demographic characteristics of the country. It provides data on geographic and administrative distribution of population and household in addition to the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of all the people in the country.
Generally, it provides for comparing and projecting demographic data, social and economic characteristics, as well as household and housing conditions at all levels of the country’s administrative units and dimensions: national, regional, districts and localities. The data from the census is classified, tabulated and disseminated so that researchers, administrators, policy makers and development partners can use the information in formulating and implementing various multi-sectorial development programs at the national and community levels. Data on all key variables namely area, household, population, economic activity, literacy and education, fertility and child survival, housing conditions and sanitation are collected and available in the census data.
The 2021 PHC in Ghana had an overarching goal of generating updated demographic, social and economic data, housing characteristics and dwelling conditions to support national development planning activities.

Geographic coverage
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National Coverage , Region , District

Analysis unit
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- Individuals
- Households
- Emigrants
- Absentee population
- Mortality
- Type of residence (households and non household)

Universe
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All persons who spent census night (midnight of 27th June 2021) in Ghana

Kind of data
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Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure
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This 10% sample data for the 2021 PHC is representative at the district/subdistrict level and also by the urban rural classification.

Mode of data collection
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Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument
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GSS developed two categories of instruments for the 2021 PHC: the listing form and the enumeration instruments. The listing form was only one, while the enumeration instruments comprised six questionnaires, designated as PHC 1A, PHC 1B, PHC 1C, PHC
1D, PHC 1E and PHC 1F. The PHC 1A was the most comprehensive with the others being its subsets.

1. Listing Form: The listing form was developed to collect data on type of structures, level of completion, whether occupied or vacant and use(s) of the structures. It was also used to collect information about the availability, number and types of toilet facilities in the structures. It was also used to capture the number of households in a structure, number of persons in households and the sex of the persons residing in the households if occupied. Finally, the listing form was used to capture data on non-household populations such as the population in institutions, floating population and sex of the non-household populations.

2. PHC 1A: The PHC 1A questionnaire was used to collect data from all households in the country. Primarily, it was used to capture household members and visitors who spent the Census Night in the dwelling of the household, and their relationship with the head of the household. It was also used to collect data on homeless households. Members of the households who were absent were enumerated at the place where they had spent the Census Night. The questionnaire was also used to collect the following household information: emigration; socio-demographic characteristics (sex, age, place of birth and enumeration, survival status of parents, literacy and education; economic activities; difficulty in performing activities; ownership and usage of information, technology and communication facilities; fertility; mortality; housing characteristics and conditions and sanitation.

3. PHC 1B: The PHC 1B questionnaire was used to collect data from persons in stable institutions comprising boarding houses, hostels and prisons who were present on Census Night. Other information that was captured with this instrument are socio-demographic characteristics, literacy and education, economic activities, difficulty in performing activities; ownership and usage of information, technology and communication facilities; fertility; mortality; housing characteristics and conditions and sanitation.

4. PHC 1C: The PHC 1C questionnaire was used to collect data from persons in “unstable” institutions such as hospitals and prayer camps who were present at these places on Census Night. The instrument was used to capture only the socio-demographic characteristics of individuals.

5. PHC 1D: The PHC 1D questionnaire was used to collect data from the floating population. This constitutes persons who were found at airports, seaports, lorry stations and similar locations waiting for or embarking on long-distance travel, as well as outdoor sleepers on Census Night. The instrument captured the socio-demographic information of individuals.

6. PHC 1E: All persons who spent the Census Night at hotels, motels and guest houses were enumerated using the PHC 1E. The content of the questionnaire was similar to that of the PHC 1D.

7. PHC 1F: The PHC 1F questionnaire was administered to diplomats in the country.

Cleaning operations
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The Census data editing was implemented at three levels:
1. data editing by enumerators and supervisors during data collection
2. data editing was done at the regional level by the regional data quality monitors during data collection
3. Final data editing was done at the national level using the batch edits in CSPro and STATA
Data editing and cleaning was mainly digital.

Response rate
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100 percent

Data appraisal
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A post Enumeration Survey (PES) was conducted to assess the extent of coverage and content error.

摘要
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人口与住房普查（PHC）是获取国家人口规模以及主要社会经济与人口统计特征的唯一可靠且全面的数据来源。它不仅提供了关于人口和家庭的地理及行政分布数据，还包括了全国所有民众的人口统计特征与社会经济特征。通常，它旨在比较和预测人口数据、社会与经济特征，以及在国家行政单位的各个层级和维度（国家、地区、区县及地方）的居民和住房条件。普查数据经过分类、制表和传播，以便研究人员、管理者、政策制定者与发展伙伴能够利用这些信息在国家及社区层面制定和实施各类多部门发展计划。普查数据中收集并可用的重要变量包括地区、家庭、人口、经济活动、文化程度与教育、生育与儿童存活率、住房条件与卫生状况。
2021年加纳PHC的目标是生成更新的人口、社会和经济数据，住房特征与居住条件，以支持国家发展规划活动。
地理覆盖范围
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全国覆盖、地区、区县
分析单位
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- 个人
- 家庭
- 移民
- 外出人口
- 死亡率
- 居住类型（家庭与非家庭单位）
总体
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2021年6月27日午夜在加纳度过普查之夜的所有人员
数据类型
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普查/枚举数据 [cen]
抽样程序
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2021年PHC的10%样本数据在区县/次区县级别以及城乡分类上具有代表性。
数据收集方式
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计算机辅助个人访谈 [capi]
研究工具
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GSS为2021年PHC开发了两种类型的工具：登记表和枚举工具。登记表仅有一种，而枚举工具包括六份问卷，分别命名为PHC 1A、PHC 1B、PHC 1C、PHC 1D、PHC 1E和PHC 1F。PHC 1A是最全面的，其余的是其子集。
1. 登记表：登记表旨在收集关于结构类型、完成程度、是否占用或空置以及结构的使用情况的数据。它还用于收集关于结构中卫生设施的可用性、数量和类型的信息。它还用于捕捉结构中的家庭数量、家庭成员数量及居住在家庭中的个人的性别（如果占用）。最后，登记表用于捕捉非家庭人口的数据，如机构、流动人口及非家庭人口的性别。
2. PHC 1A：PHC 1A问卷用于收集全国所有家庭的数据。其主要用途是捕捉在家庭住宅度过普查之夜的家庭成员和访客，以及他们与家庭户主的关系。它还用于收集无家可归家庭的数据。缺席的家庭成员在度过普查之夜的地方进行登记。问卷还用于收集以下家庭信息：移民；社会经济特征（性别、年龄、出生地、登记地、父母存活状况、文化程度与教育；经济活动；活动执行难度；信息、技术与通信设施的所有权和使用；生育；死亡率；住房特征与条件及卫生状况。
3. PHC 1B：PHC 1B问卷用于收集在普查之夜在稳定机构（如寄宿公寓、宿舍和监狱）中的人员的数据。此工具还捕捉了以下信息：社会经济特征、文化程度与教育、经济活动、活动执行难度；信息、技术与通信设施的所有权和使用；生育；死亡率；住房特征与条件及卫生状况。
4. PHC 1C：PHC 1C问卷用于收集在“不稳定”机构（如医院和祈祷营地）中在普查之夜出现的人员的数据。该工具仅用于捕捉个人的社会经济特征。
5. PHC 1D：PHC 1D问卷用于收集流动人口的数据。这包括在机场、海港、卡车站和类似地点等待或踏上长途旅行的人员，以及普查之夜在户外过夜的人。该工具捕捉了个人的社会经济信息。
6. PHC 1E：所有在酒店、汽车旅馆和招待所度过普查之夜的人员均使用PHC 1E进行登记。问卷的内容与PHC 1D类似。
7. PHC 1F：PHC 1F问卷向国家中的外交官发放。
数据清理操作
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普查数据编辑在三个级别上实施：
1. 编制员和监督员在数据收集期间进行的数据编辑
2. 地区数据质量监控员在数据收集期间在地区级别进行的数据编辑
3. 最终数据编辑在国家级别使用CSPro和STATA的批量编辑进行
数据编辑和清理主要采用数字化方式。
响应率
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100%
数据评估
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进行了一次普查后调查（PES），以评估覆盖范围和内容错误的程度。