Global nitrous oxide emissions from livestock manure during 1890−2020: An IPCC Tier 2 inventory|温室气体排放数据集|环境变化数据集

Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from livestock manure contribute
significantly to the growth of atmospheric N2O, a
powerful greenhouse gas (GHG) and dominant ozone-depleting
substance. Here, we estimate global N2O emissions from livestock
manure during 1890−2020 using the Tier 2 approach of the 2019
Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines. Global N2O emissions from
livestock manure increased by ~350% from 451 [368−556] Gg N
yr-1 in 1890 to 2042 [1677−2514] Gg N
yr-1 in 2020. These emissions contributed ~30% to the global
anthropogenic N2O emissions in the decade 2010−2019. Cattle contributed
the most (60%) to the increase, followed by poultry (19%), pigs
(15%), and sheep and goats (6%). Regionally, South Asia, Africa, and Latin
America dominated the growth in global emissions since the
1990s. Nationally, the largest emissions were found in India
(329 Gg N yr−1), followed by China (267 Gg N yr−1), the United
States (163 Gg N yr−1), Brazil (129 Gg N yr−1) and Pakistan (102 Gg N
yr−1) in the 2010s. We found a substantial impact of
livestock productivity, specifically animal body weight and milk yield, on
the emission trends. Furthermore, a large spread existed
among different methodologies in estimates of global N2O emission
from livestock manure, with our results 20%−25% lower than those
based on the 2006 IPCC Guidelines. This study
highlights the need for robust time-variant model
parameterization and continuous improvement of emissions factors
to enhance the precision of emission inventories. Additionally,
urgent mitigation is required, as all available inventories indicate a
rapid increase in global N2O emissions from livestock manure in recent
decades.