A database of physical experiments, fieldwork information, and a seismic line applied on the eastern Domeyko Cordillera, northern Chile

This dataset contains a series of analog models for comparing and testing positive tectonic inversion mechanisms and wedge structure formation. Furthermore, it includes a 2-D seismic reflection profile that can be compared with the models presented here. Finally, several photos of some structural features that cab be associated with wedge structure are shown. Both seismic lines and photos are located on a segment of Andean forearc, specifically, in the eastern Domeyko Cordillera and the Salar de Atacama Basin in northern Chile. Specifically, the models were deformed under extensional and compressional conditions, inducing a positive tectonic inversion, using a pure/simple-shear deformational apparatus. Our models intended to simulate the tectonic conditions presented in López et al. (2022), which illustrated the structural setting of the Domeyko Cordillera as resulting from the interplay between positive inversion tectonics and pure shortening faulting. Moreover, our models simulated three geological environments that developed sequentially through time: (a) syn-rift sedimentation, (b) post-rift and pre-shortening sedimentation, and (c) syn-shortening sedimentation. Post-rift and syn-shortening sedimentation incorporated a ductile layer (PDMS) during the shortening phase, simulating the presence of evaporitic deposits (i.e., gypsum) to test the conditions that could have controlled the formation of pure-shortening-related structures in the case study under consideration.本数据集包含一系列类比模型，用于对比与测试正构造反转(positive tectonic inversion)机制以及楔状构造的形成过程。此外，数据集还包含一组二维地震反射剖面(2-D seismic reflection profile)，可与本文展示的模型进行对比分析。最后，数据集还展示了多张可与楔状构造相关联的构造特征照片。所有地震测线与照片均取自安第斯弧前区(Andean forearc)的一段区域，具体位于智利北部的东多梅科山脉(Domeyko Cordillera)与阿塔卡马盐沼盆地(Salar de Atacama Basin)范围内。 具体而言，本研究的模型采用纯/简单剪切变形装置(pure/simple-shear deformational apparatus)，在伸展与挤压条件下发生变形，从而诱发正构造反转过程。本模型旨在模拟López等人(2022)提出的构造环境，该研究阐明了多梅科山脉的构造背景是正反转构造与纯挤压断裂相互作用的结果。此外，本模型还模拟了随时间依次发育的三类地质环境：(a) 裂谷期沉积(syn-rift sedimentation)；(b) 裂谷后-挤压前沉积(post-rift and pre-shortening sedimentation)；(c) 挤压期沉积(syn-shortening sedimentation)。在挤压阶段，裂谷后与挤压期沉积过程中引入了一层韧性层(ductile layer，即PDMS)，用以模拟蒸发岩沉积(evaporitic deposits，即石膏(gypsum))的存在，以此探究本研究案例中可能控制纯挤压相关构造形成的条件。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于智利北部东多梅科山脉的构造研究，包含模拟正构造反转机制和楔形构造形成的物理实验模型、二维地震反射剖面及野外结构特征照片。模型通过伸展和压缩条件模拟地质演化过程，并考虑了不同沉积阶段（如同裂谷、同缩短沉积）以测试构造控制因素，特别加入了韧性层来模拟蒸发岩的影响。数据旨在支持安第斯前弧区域的构造分析和比较研究。