WHO人类医学重要抗菌药物清单
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Theresponsibleandprudentuseofantimicrobialsneedstobeimprovedinallsectors-human,animal,plant/crop,andenvironment-topreservetheirpublichealthbenefits.Inparticular,antimicrobialsthataremedicallyimportantforhumanmedicineneedtobepreservedbyreducingtheiruseinthenon-humansectors.TheWHOlistofmedicallyimportantantimicrobialsforhumanmedicine(WHOMIAList)isariskmanagementtoolthatcanbeusedtosupportdecision-makingtominimizetheimpactofantimicrobialuseinnon-humansectorsonantimicrobialresistance(AMR)inhumans.TheWHOMIAListiscreatedtoguideinternational,national,andsubnational(local,state,provincial)antimicrobialstewardshipefforts.ItcomplementstheWHOAWaRe(Access,Watch,Reserve)frameworkandantibioticbookwhichprovideguidanceonappropriateuseofessentialantibioticswithinthehumanhealthsector.ThelistcategorizesantimicrobialclassesbasedontheirimportanceforhumanmedicineandaccordingtotheAMRriskandpotentialhumanhealthimplicationsoftheiruseinnon-humansectors:criticallyimportant,highlyimportant,andimportanttohumanmedicine.Thepublicationisintendedtoserveasareferencetooltosupportdecision-makingbynationalregulatorsandpolicymakersinministriesofhealthandagriculture,authoritiesresponsibleforregulating,monitoring,andassuringtheresponsibleandprudentuseofantimicrobials,andprofessionalprescribersindifferentsectors.TheWHOMIAListwasdevelopedinclosecollaborationwiththeFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO),theUnitedNationsEnvironmentalProgramme(UNEP)andtheWorldOrganisationforAnimalHealth(WOAH)asajointefforttoharmonizeandalignrelatedguidanceandlistsdevelopedbythefourorganizations.BestpracticestatementsincludedinthedocumentarealignedwiththepositionoftheQuadripartiteorganizations(FAO,UNEP,WHO,andWOAH)andarecriticaltopreservingtheeffectivenessoftheagentsintheWHOMIAList.FurtherworkisongoingtoharmonizeguidanceontheprudentuseofantimicrobialsacrossallfourorganizationsandthisWHOantimicrobiallistandtheWOAHListofantimicrobialagentsofveterinaryimportance.AMRremainsoneofthetopglobalpublichealththreatsfacinghumanityandwasassociatedwiththedeathofcloseto5millionpeoplegloballyin2019.AMRoccurswhenbacteria,viruses,fungi,andparasiteschangeovertimeandnolongerrespondtoantimicrobialmedicinesmakinginfectionshardertotreatandincreasingtheriskofdiseasespread,severeillness,anddeath.Asaresult,antimicrobialmedicinesbecomeineffectiveandinfectionspersistinthebody,increasingtheriskoftransmissiontoothers.TheWHOMIAListsupportstheoptimizeduseofantimicrobialmedicinesinhumanandanimalhealth.
提供机构：
世界卫生组织（WHO）
