The location of primers pairs from 1 to 6 is shown in Figures 1 and 2. Lowercase indicate the region that hybridizes to the 5′ or 3′ end of the pKD3 or pKD4 plasmids.
Bacterial plasmids are self-replicating, extrachromosomal elements associated with a variety of phenotypic traits including virulence, enhanced fitness, and resistance to antimicrobial agents. They pl
