Progress in diagnosis and treatment of lupus nephritis complicated with thrombotic microangiopathy

Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the common secondary glomerulonephritis in clinic. Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA)is a clinicopathological syndrome with high mortality and involving multiple systems. There are great differences in the treatment and prognosis of TMA caused by different etiology. TMA in LN is not rare, and the mortality rate of LN patients with TMA is higher, and the pathogenesis is complex and diverse. Therefore, this article intends to focus on the type, potential etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of LN complicated with TMA to make a detailed review.