Identification of candidate genes associated with photosynthesis in eggplant under elevated CO₂

Elevated CO₂ can stimulate plant growth in greenhouses, but the molecular mechanism behind this response is unclear, especially in eggplants. In this study, we evaluated the physiological and photosynthetic response of the eggplant variety ‘Shenyuan 3’ under elevated CO₂, and the candidate genes related to this response were identified by transcriptomic analysis. The results showed that elevated CO₂ can promote eggplant growth and development in greenhouses; plant height and stem diameter were maximally increased by 28.62% and 5.20%, respectively. Net photosynthetic rate, light saturation point and intercellular CO₂ concentration of eggplant leaves increased by 86.11%, 49.94% and 102.06%, respectively, whereas light compensation point, dark breathing rate and stomatal conductance decreased by 35.90%, 27.30% and 26.03%, respectively. A total of 169 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened, of which 99 were up-regulated and 70 were down-regulated. Gene Ontology (GO) function enrichment analysis suggested that these proteins can be classified into 11 molecular functions, including transcription factors, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and oxidoreductase. Pathway analysis indicated that elevated CO₂ affects plant growth and development by affecting carbon metabolism, carbon fixation, chlorophyll and porphyrin metabolism. Twelve genes were further detected by qRT-PCR, and 11 genes showed similar dynamics with the transcriptomic data. Bilirubin dehydrogenase <i>Sme2.5_04464.1_g00001</i> and the malate dehydrogenase gene <i>Sme2.5_03383.1_g00002</i>, which are involved in the chlorophyll porphyrin pathway and carbon metabolism, respectively, were up-regulated. Transcription factors <i>bHLH</i> (<i>Sme2.5_01232.1_g00025</i>) and GATA (<i>Sme2.5_00372.1_g00006</i>) were also up-regulated under elevated CO₂ treatment. Further research should focus on cloning these genes and identifying their response mechanism under elevated CO₂.

二氧化碳浓度升高（elevated CO₂）可促进温室中的植物生长，但该响应背后的分子机制尚不清楚，在茄子中尤为如此。本研究以茄子品种‘沈园3号’为材料，评估其在二氧化碳浓度升高条件下的生理与光合响应，并通过转录组分析筛选得到与该响应相关的候选基因。研究结果表明，二氧化碳浓度升高可促进温室中茄子的生长发育；株高与茎粗最大增幅分别达28.62%与5.20%。茄子叶片的净光合速率、光饱和点与胞间二氧化碳浓度分别提升86.11%、49.94%与102.06%，而光补偿点、暗呼吸速率与气孔导度分别下降35.90%、27.30%与26.03%。共筛选得到169个差异表达基因（differentially expressed genes, DEGs），其中99个基因上调表达，70个基因下调表达。基因本体（Gene Ontology, GO）功能富集分析显示，这些蛋白可分为11类分子功能，包括转录因子、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶与氧化还原酶。通路分析表明，二氧化碳浓度升高可通过影响碳代谢、碳固定、叶绿素与卟啉代谢来调控植物生长发育。通过实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）对12个基因进行验证，其中11个基因的表达趋势与转录组数据一致。胆红素脱氢酶<i>Sme2.5_04464.1_g00001</i>与苹果酸脱氢酶基因<i>Sme2.5_03383.1_g00002</i>分别参与叶绿素卟啉通路与碳代谢，且均呈上调表达。转录因子<i>bHLH</i>（<i>Sme2.5_01232.1_g00025</i>）与GATA（<i>Sme2.5_00372.1_g00006</i>）在二氧化碳浓度升高处理下同样呈上调表达。未来研究可聚焦于克隆上述基因，并阐明其在二氧化碳浓度升高条件下的响应机制。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于茄子在高CO2条件下的光合作用分子机制研究，通过生理评估和转录组分析，识别出169个差异表达基因，并揭示了CO2升高促进茄子生长和光合作用的关键基因，如涉及叶绿素卟啉途径和碳代谢的基因。研究结果有助于理解温室环境中CO2对植物生长的调控机制。