Fungal endophyte-derived root core microbiota reshaping contributes to resistance enhancement and growth promotion of peanuts

Probiotics play critical roles in helping the plants to adapt to adverse environmental conditions. As a probiotic, fungal endophyte Phomopsis liquidambaris can promote growth and disease control of peanut plants grown under monocropping system, however, how such beneficial traits produced is largely unknown. Since the plant endophytic microbiome is directly linked to plant growth and health, thus, this study aims to clarify the roles of root endophytic bacterial communities in Phomopsis liquidambaris-mediated plant fitness enhancement under monocropping conditions. Here, through amplicon sequencing and bacterial cultivation, we found that Ph. liquidambaris inoculation induced significant changes in root bacterial community and improved the core microbial-based interaction network. Next, we assembled and simplified a synthetic community, including Bacillus sp. HB1, Bacillus sp. HB9, Burkholderia sp. MB7, Pseudomonas sp. MB2, Streptomyces sp. MB6, and Bradyrhizobium sp. MB15, with plant growth promotion and disease resistance functions based on Ph. liquidambaris-derived key taxa. Furthermore, the simplified synthetic community had the ability to suppress root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum, promote peanut growth, and increase the yield of peanuts under continuous monocropping conditions. Collectively, our results suggest that root core microbiota reshaping plays an important role in probiotics-mediated adaptability of plants under adverse environments.