Demographic, lifestyle and clinical characteristics of subjects by gender.

*p<0.05,
†p<0.01,
‡p<0.001.
All percentages are column percentage; except for percentages, all values are mean±s.d. or median (25th, 75th) for non-normal distribution data.
Abbreviations: A/G ratio, albumin/globulin ratio; BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index; LDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MET-h/week, metabolic equivalent hours per week.