Groundwater Level Variation Dataset in China's Arid Regions

In China's arid regions, the dynamic changes in groundwater levels are influenced by both natural factors (such as precipitation, evaporation, and soil moisture) and anthropogenic factors (such as agricultural irrigation, urban water use, and industrial extraction). As climate change and human activities intensify, fluctuations in groundwater levels are expected to become more pronounced, especially in water-scarce arid areas. This study has compiled a dataset of groundwater level variations from observation wells in China's arid regions, containing measured data from 2005 to 2020. The dataset includes specific information such as observation point names, geographic locations, hydrological geological units, types of groundwater, monitoring depths, average annual burial depths, and average annual fluctuation information. The data collection process involved selecting representative observation wells for long-term monitoring, regularly recording groundwater levels using automated equipment, and analyzing these levels in conjunction with meteorological data, as well as organizing and standardizing the collected data. Researchers and policymakers can utilize this dataset for applications in water resource management, ecological environmental protection, and climate change research. By conducting in-depth analyses and interpretations of the data, they can understand the driving factors behind changes in groundwater levels, providing a scientific basis for the sustainable use of water resources.