Global 1-km local climate regulation services from 2001 to 2024

This dataset provides annual global 1-km maps of ecosystem-based local climate regulation services from 2001 to 2024. The dataset quantifies the biophysical quantity of local climate regulation services provided by terrestrial ecosystems through evapotranspiration-related cooling and humidification processes. Each raster represents the annual local climate regulation service intensity in units of kWh m⁻² yr⁻¹. Values are stored with a scale factor of 0.01; users should multiply the stored raster values by 0.01 to obtain physical values in kWh m⁻² yr⁻¹. The data are provided as GeoTIFF files in a geographic coordinate system at approximately 1-km spatial resolution. The dataset was generated by integrating evapotranspiration components, hourly climate demand information, and land-cover-based ecosystem classification. It is intended to support ecosystem service assessment, natural capital accounting, heat-risk adaptation research, and land management applications. Monetary valuation coefficients are not included in this release and will be documented in the associated manuscript.