A multiyear time series (2012–2022) of river plankton dynamics in a subtropical urbanizing watershed
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Abstract: Urbanization and climate change profoundly impact freshwater ecosystems, triggering dynamic shifts in plankton communities as environmental conditions evolve. To elucidate urbanization and changing climate effects on freshwater ecosystems, we present an extensive 11-year dataset (2012-2022) showcasing a distinct rural-to-urban gradient in the Houxi watershed. This study involves systematic surface water sampling dataset to capture plankton dynamics. Phytoplankton samples were analyzed bi-annually in summer and winter through microscope. Bacterioplankton and eukaryotic plankton samples data were collected seasonally (spring, summer, autumn, and winter) by analyzing amplicons from the V3-V4 and V9 regions of the 16S and 18S rRNA genes, respectively. Additionally, we synchronized water quality and nutrient data collection to provide a comprehensive environmental profile. The BEPE (bacterioplankton, eukaryotic plankton, phytoplankton and environmental variables) dataset showed spatiotemporal trends during the study period and enhances our understanding of urbanization and climate impact on aquatic ecosystems, offering a valuable mitigating source for future research and conservation efforts.
