Capreolus pygargus Genome sequencing and assembly

The ancient mitochondrial genome of a Siberian roe deer (Capreolus pygargus) coded as NJ26S from Jartai Pass Site was determined by high throughput sequencing. The damage pattern demonstrated the authenticity and reliability of the ancient DNA data. The length of the mitogenome was 16,357 bp, which contained 13 protein-coding genes, two rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and one control region. The total base composition of the mitochondrial genome is 28.17% A, 25.01% T, 11.89% G, 19.72% C, and 15.21% N with an A+T (53.18%)-rich feature. A maximum-likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree was developed on NJ26S and the mitochondrial genome data of other roe deer under the TIM2+I+G4 model. By identifying a Capreolus pygargus sample dating back to 3600 years ago in this region, this study provides molecular evidence for the presence of Capreolus pygargus in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China over 3000 years ago.