Research progress on prelithiation technology for lithium-ion batteries

The formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film at the anode-electrolyte interface during the first charge process and the irreversible side reactions during the following cycles consume active lithium, resulting in the irreversible capacity loss. This process may also be accompanied by electrode volume changes and structural collapse. This has become the primary factor restricting the performance of long-cycle-life batteries. Supplementing active lithium via prelithiation technology is an important approach to enhance battery performance.This paper systematically explores various prelithiation methods for different electrode structures (especially specific electrode types) and their mechanisms of action. Furthermore, the paper discusses the importance of developing effective electrolyte prelithiation, separator prelithiation, and binder prelithiation technologies. It evaluates the effectiveness of each strategy in improving initial capacity, enhancing cycle stability, resolving compatibility issues, and minimizing potential side effects. Additionally, the paper analyzes the current challenges and provides an outlook on future development, aiming to offer references for the future advancement and large-scale application of prelithiation technology.