Contributions to melissopalynology studies in southern Brazil: pollen analysis in the honeys from <i>Apis mellifera</i>, <i>Tetragonisca angustula</i>, <i>Melipona quadrifasciata quadrifasciata</i>, <i>Scaptotrigona bipunctata</i>, <i>Plebeia remota</i> and <i>Plebeia droryana</i>

Little information about the contribution of plants to the production of honey by bees exists for southern Brazil. Information on this dynamic is crucial to maintaining the health of bees, the pollination of forests and assisting in the management of apiaries and meliponaries. The objective of the study was to elucidate which plants the bees visit for the production of honey in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), southern Brazil. 43 honey samples were selected from <i>Apis mellifera</i>, <i>Tetragonisca angustula</i>, <i>Melipona quadrifasciata</i>, <i>Scaptotrigona bipunctata</i>, <i>Plebeia remota</i> and <i>Plebeia droryana</i>. The honey samples were submitted to acetolysis. 110 pollen types were found in all honey samples from bees of <i>Apis mellifera</i> (97 pollen types), <i>Melipona quadrifasciata quadrifasciata</i> (14 pollen types), <i>Tetragonisca angustula</i> (46 pollen types), <i>Scaptotrigona bipunctata</i> (8 pollen types), <i>Plebeia remota</i> (17 pollen types) and <i>Plebeia droryana</i> (8 pollen types). The high pollen percentage of tree species in the samples stands out, ranging from 16.8% to 99.8%. The samples were grouped into seven groups by CONISS, called Melis-1, Melis-2, Melis-3, Melis-4, Melis-5, Melis-6 and Melis 7, and these are related to the floral resources of the studied bees. Some pollen types showed high percentages in honeys from <i>Apis mellifera</i> (pollen types of <i>Eucalyptus</i> sp. <i>Myrcia</i> type, <i>Casearia sylvestris</i>, <i>Hovenia dulcis</i>, <i>Mimosa scabrella</i>, <i>Lamanonia ternata</i>, <i>Clethra scabra</i>, <i>Baccharis</i> type and <i>Weinmannia paulliniifolia</i>), <i>Tetragonisca angustula</i> (pollen types of <i>Eryngium</i> sp./<i>Petroselinum crispum</i>, <i>Handroanthus</i> sp., <i>Sorocea bonplandii</i> and <i>Parapiptadenia rigida</i>), <i>Melipona quadrifasciata quadrifasciata</i> (pollen types of <i>Myrcia</i> type, <i>Eucalyptus</i> sp. and <i>Mimosa bimucronata</i>), <i>Scaptotrigona bipunctata</i> (pollen types of <i>Allophylus edulis, Butia</i> type and <i>Parapiptadenia rigida</i>)<i>, Plebeia remota</i> (pollen types of <i>Myrcia</i> type, <i>Butia</i> type and <i>Sebastiania</i> sp.) and <i>Plebeia droryana</i> (pollen types of <i>Myrcia</i> type). The different types of vegetation in RS accounts for the different pollen spectra in honeys from southern Brazil.巴西南部地区有关植物对蜜蜂酿蜜贡献的研究资料较为匮乏。此类蜂-植互作的相关信息，对于维系蜜蜂健康、保障森林授粉以及辅助养蜂场与无刺蜂养殖园的管理均具有重要意义。本研究旨在阐明巴西南部南里奥格兰德州（Rio Grande do Sul，RS）境内，蜜蜂为酿制蜂蜜所造访的植物类群。本研究共选取43份蜂蜜样本，分别来自西方蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）、狭腹无刺蜂（Tetragonisca angustula）、四纹无刺蜂（Melipona quadrifasciata）、双刺无刺蜂（Scaptotrigona bipunctata）、远距无刺蜂（Plebeia remota）以及多氏无刺蜂（Plebeia droryana）。所有蜂蜜样本均经乙酰解（acetolysis）处理。经检测，所有样本中共检出110种花粉类型：其中西方蜜蜂样本含97种，四纹无刺蜂指名亚种（Melipona quadrifasciata quadrifasciata）含14种，狭腹无刺蜂含46种，双刺无刺蜂含8种，远距无刺蜂含17种，多氏无刺蜂含8种。样本中木本植物花粉占比突出，区间为16.8%至99.8%。研究通过约束增量平方和聚类法（CONISS）将样本划分为7组，依次命名为Melis-1至Melis-7，各组均与受试蜂类的蜜源植物类群相关。部分花粉类型在对应蜂类的蜂蜜样本中占比显著：西方蜜蜂样本中的高占比花粉类型包括桉属（Eucalyptus sp.）、番樱桃属型（Myrcia type）、林中白蜡树（Casearia sylvestris）、枳椇（Hovenia dulcis）、布雷含羞草（Mimosa scabrella）、拉曼木属（Lamanonia ternata）、桤叶树属物种（Clethra scabra）、白酒草属型（Baccharis type）以及Weinmannia paulliniifolia；狭腹无刺蜂样本中的高占比花粉类型包括刺芹属（Eryngium sp.）/欧芹（Petroselinum crispum）、Handroanthus属、Sorocea bonplandii以及Parapiptadenia rigida；四纹无刺蜂指名亚种样本中的高占比花粉类型包括番樱桃属型、桉属以及双刺含羞草（Mimosa bimucronata）；双刺无刺蜂样本中的高占比花粉类型包括Allophylus edulis、Butia属型以及Parapiptadenia rigida；远距无刺蜂样本中的高占比花粉类型包括番樱桃属型、Butia属型以及Sebastiania属；多氏无刺蜂样本中的高占比花粉类型则以番樱桃属型为主。南里奥格兰德州多样的植被类型，造就了巴西南部地区蜂蜜中各异的花粉谱特征。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于巴西南部蜜蜂花粉分析，旨在揭示六种蜜蜂物种在蜂蜜生产中的植物访问模式，基于43个蜂蜜样本通过醋酸分解法识别出110个花粉类型，并突出了树木花粉的高比例（16.8%至99.8%）和植被类型对花粉谱的影响。数据集包含补充文档，涉及遗传学、生态学等多个科学分类，适用于研究蜜蜂授粉和植物生态学。