Prenatal Diagnosis of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome with In-Utero Aortic Valvuloplasty: A Case Report with Novel Management Insights

Case Report: Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS) is a severe congenital heart defect characterized by underdevelopment of the left-sided heart structures, necessitating staged surgical interventions postnatally. Prenatal diagnosis via fetal echocardiography allows for early planning, but outcomes remain challenging due to the complexity of the condition. This case report describes a rare presentation of HLHS diagnosed prenatally, with a novel in-utero intervention—aortic valvuloplasty—performed to mitigate progression of left ventricular hypoplasia. We discuss the diagnostic approach, intervention, and outcomes in the context of European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines, highlighting a potential new strategy for managing severe HLHS.