Effect of heat stress on serum enzyme activity, antioxidant capacity and immune parameter metabolomics datasets in Holstein cows at different growth stages

Global climate change has led to an increase in release of atmospheric CO2 and average daily temperatures, making heat stress a major challenge in dairy farming. The present study aimed to investigate metabolite changes of Holstein cows at different stages. In this experiment, 10 growing heifers, 10 heifers and 10 lactating cows were selected for the current study. Blood samples were separately collected from the animals through the caudal root vein in April and August. Samples were transferred to a liquid nitrogen tank for metabolomic analysis.