Temporal trends in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and elderly adults from 2011 to 2015 in China: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)

Abstract Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The objective of the study was to evaluate the updated prevalence of MetS and provide a comprehensive illustration of the possible temporal changes in MetS prevalence in China from 2011 to 2015. Methods: The data for this study are from the 2011 and 2015 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). CHARLS is a nationally representative survey targeting populations aged 45 and above from 28 provinces in mainland China. A total of 11847 and 13013 participants were eligible for data analysis at the two time points. Results: The estimated prevalence of MetS in 2015 was 20.41% (95% CI: 19.02%-21.8%) by the ATP III criteria, 34.77% (95% CI: 33.12%-36.42%) by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria, 39.68% (95% CI: 37.88%-41.47%) by the revised ATP III criteria, and 25.55% (95% CI: 24.19%-26.91%) by the Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) criteria. The prevalence was higher among women and elderly adults and in urban and northern populations. Furthermore, the trends in the prevalence decreased significantly between 2011 and 2015 by the ATP III, revised ATP III and CDS criteria. However, trends increased significantly from 2011 to 2015 by the IDF criteria. Conclusions: In China, elderly women living in northern urban areas should receive more attention. Notably, temporal changes in the prevalence of MetS varied somewhat according to different criteria.