Input data and modelling files for a model of the Finnish energy system with focus on cascade hydropower and the addition of a hydrogen storage system realised in Backbone

The files show the input data and modelling files used for the publication "Cascade hydropower integration in a techno-economic power system model: A study of Finnish hydropower plants" (Kiehle et al., 2025 - submitted). The paper's preprint is available. A model of the Finnish energy system in 2022 was built in the techno-economic modelling framework Backbone (available on GitLab: https://gitlab.vtt.fi/backbone/backbone). The focus was on implementing cascading hydropower plants in a power system model, including individual reservoirs, generation and spillage capacities. "ModellingFiles_Debug" are GAMS-based data that can be used to run the scenario in Backbone or display the results. "ModellingResults" are gdx files that purely list the results. Those are also presented in more detail in the scientific paper. The Excel files present the input data used for modelling and can also be used to run the model.