Data from: Prevalence, associated factors, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension: findings from a cross sectional study conducted as a part of a community based intervention trial in Surkhet, Mid-western region of Nepal

Background Hypertension is one of the leading public health problems
globally. About half of the deaths from cardiovascular diseases were
attributed to hypertension in 2008. Reduction of blood pressure to normal
range is one of the major challenges in preventing complications and
future burden of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this study aims to
determine prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension and
its associated factors in Nepal. Methods This was a community based
cross-sectional study conducted as a part of a community based
intervention trial in Birendranagar Municipality of Surkhet district
located at the Mid-western region of Nepal. We enrolled 1159 subjects aged
30 years and above. Out of 12 wards (administrative unit), four wards were
selected randomly. Three hundred participants were recruited from each
selected ward. Trained enumerator collected socio-demographic,
anthropometric, and clinical data using standard STEPS questionnaires.
Results Out of all participants, women were 71% and mean age was 47±12.6
years. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 38.9% (95% CI: 36–41.7)
while age and sex adjusted prevalence was 40.6%. The hypertension was
present in 48.1% (95% CI: 45.2–50.9) of men and 35.2% (95% CI: 32.4–37.9)]
of women. Male gender (OR = 1.49), older age (OR = 1.04 per year), Dalit
caste (OR = 1.71), past history of cigarettes smoking (OR = 2.78), current
alcohol consumption (OR = 1.75), and raised body mass index (OR = 1.17 per
unit) were identified as significant factors associated with hypertension.
Of total hypertensive respondents, 53.4% (95% CI: 48.7–58) were aware, 29%
(95% CI: 24.8–33.1) were receiving treatment for high blood pressure, and
8.2% (95% CI: 5.6–10.7) had controlled blood pressure. The awareness,
treatment, and control status were worse in younger participants.
Conclusions The study revealed high prevalence with low awareness,
treatment, and control of hypertension in Nepal. Gender, age, ethnicity,
smoking, drinking alcohol, and body mass index were associated with
hypertension. Immediate public health and individual measures are
warranted to reduce future burden of cardiovascular diseases.