Therapeutic outcome of quercetin nanoparticles on Cerastes cerastes venom-induced hepatorenal toxicity: a preclinical study - supplementary table

Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of quercetin (QT) and
QT-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (QT-NPs) on Cerastes cerastes venom-mediated
inflammation, redox imbalance, hepatorenal tissue damage and local hemorrhage. Methods: The
developed QT-NPs were first submitted to physicochemical characterization and then evaluated in the
‘challenge then treat’ and ‘preincubation’ models of envenoming. Results: QT-NPs efficiently alleviated
hepatorenal toxicity, inflammation and redox imbalance and significantly attenuated venom-induced
local hemorrhage. Interestingly, QT-NPs were significantly more efficient than free QT at 24 h postenvenoming,
pointing to the efficacy of this drug-delivery system. Conclusion: These findings highlight
the therapeutic potential of QT-NPs on venom-induced toxicity and open up the avenue for their use in
the management of snakebite envenoming.