FOREIGN TRADE POLICY AND STAGES OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN UZBEKISTAN: THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS

This article provides a scientific analysis of the main stages of foreign trade policy and economic development of the Republic of Uzbekistan since independence. The study examines the dynamics of the country's foreign trade volume, structural changes in export composition, the effectiveness of import substitution and export promotion policies, and the processes of integration with the World Trade Organization (WTO). Four principal development stages spanning the period 1991–2024 are identified, with the distinctive features, outcomes, and challenges of each stage systematically described. The research concludes with practical recommendations aimed at further improving the country's external economic activity.