制动工况对汽车半金属刹车片磨损性能的影响

刹车片是汽车制动器的重要部件材料，其磨损特性直接影响制动器工作性能和使用寿命，现有研究主要采用小样试验，不能真实反映刹车片实际使用工况. 采用汽车盘式制动器模拟制动试验台，分析了制动初速度、制动压力、摩擦面温度对刹车片磨损的影响规律. 结果表明：随制动压力、制动初速度或摩擦面温度的增大，磨损量曲线均呈上升趋势，其中制动压力的变化对磨损量的影响较小，制动初速度的变化对其影响最大. 通过几组补充试验得到，没有外界热源干预，制动初速度和制动压力共同作用比摩擦面温度对磨损量的影响更明显. 基于试验结果数据，利用SPSS软件拟合了制动工况参数与磨损量之间的经验公式. 研究结果对于指导汽车刹车片的设计制造和使用维护具有一定理论意义和实用价值.

Brake pads are critical component materials for automobile brake systems, whose wear characteristics directly affect the working performance and service life of the brakes. Existing studies mostly adopt small-scale tests, which fail to truly reflect the actual working conditions of brake pads during actual use. In this study, a disc brake simulation test bench was employed to analyze the influence rules of initial braking speed, braking pressure and friction surface temperature on the wear of brake pads. The results indicate that the wear amount curve shows an upward trend with the increase of braking pressure, initial braking speed or friction surface temperature. Among these factors, the change in braking pressure has a relatively small impact on the wear amount, while the change in initial braking speed exerts the most significant influence. Through several sets of supplementary experiments, it is found that without external heat source intervention, the combined effect of initial braking speed and braking pressure has a more obvious impact on the wear amount than friction surface temperature. Based on the experimental data, an empirical formula between braking condition parameters and wear amount was fitted using SPSS software. The research results possess certain theoretical significance and practical value for guiding the design, manufacturing, use and maintenance of automobile brake pads.