Coordinating Tissue Regeneration through TGF-ß Activated Kinase 1 (TAK1) In-activation and Re-activation

Our study reveals up-regulation of the TAK1 pathway when compared with the uninjured hindlimb in our model of trauma-induced heterotopic ossification (tHO) consisting of hindlimb Achilles' tendon transection with dorsal burn injury. Overall design: Using a model of musculoskeletal injury, we sought to determine the role that TGF-ß activated kinase 1 (TAK1) signaling has on MSC cellular differentiation and inappropriate tissue formation (heterotopic ossification).