Ecosystem multifunctionality from dBEF Experiment (2017-2021)

We calculated ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF) based on functions related to plants and higher trophic groups to test the effects of plant diversity (1-60 species) and shared history of plants and soil on EMF over a five-year period (2017-2021). EMF was calculated for each ΔBEF subplot (old, new, re-sown) and each year (2017-2021) using the averaging approach as well as the multiple threshold approach (10%, 20%, ..., 90%). We used plant-related functions, e.g., plant biomass production, plant invasion resistance, community height, leaf area index, as well as functions provided by higher trophic groups, i.e., soil microbial activity as well as aboveground herbivory and predation.