Subgenome-resolved telomere-to-telomere reference genome of the self-compatible allotetraploid Capsella bursa-pastoris (Brassicaceae)

Capsella is a model genus for studying polyploid speciation and mating system transitions. Here, we reported a subgenome-resolved and telomere-to-telomere reference genome of Capsella bursa-pastoris, the only polyploid species in the genus, by incorporating PacBio HiFi reads, Nanopore ultra-long reads, and Hi-C data. The assembled genome consisted of 16 chromosomes, with 8 in each of the two haploid assemblies. The genome size of the final assembly was estimated to be 330.91 Mb. Multiple evaluation methods confirmed the contiguity (contig N50: 20.28 Mb), completeness (BUSCOs: 98.70%), and correctness (QV: 35.76) of the genome. The repetitive sequences accounted for 37.04% of the genome size. In total, 27,626 and 28,096 protein-coding genes were annotated in the two haploid assemblies, respectively. This high-quality reference genome will facilitate evolutionary biological and functional genomic studies in Capsella species.