Age and sex adjusted hazard rate ratios (HR) for a methylation index according to three time periods of energy restriction in the Netherlands Cohort Study on diet and cancer (7.3 years of follow-up).

*reference category.
†category created from adding together individuals who lived in a western rural area and a western urban area.
‡methylation index including the five CIMP markers (CACNA1G, IGF2, NEUROG1, RUNX3, and SOCS1), MLH1, and the APC gene.
§ Hunger Winter: it was assumed that individuals residing in a western area of the Netherlands, especially a western urban area during the Hunger Winter would have experienced the greatest degree of energy restriction; War Years: it was assumed that individuals who resided in an urban area during the mid-point of the War would have experienced the greatest degree of energy restriction; Economic Depression: it was assumed that individuals who had an unemployed father during the Economic Depression would have experienced a higher degree of energy restriction compared to those whose father was employed.