Rosa section Synstylae COS phylogenomics. Rosa

East Asian wild roses in Rosa section Synstylae (Rosaceae), which are ones of major genetic contributors of modern ornamental roses, are recognized to be recently diverged and closely related. Phylogenomic analyses using a genome-wide conserved ortholog set (COS) can resolve the robust species phylogeny in a lineage where species undergone complex evolutionary histories. Based on 1,683 highly conserved single-copy orthologs of the reference genome of R. chinensis, the robust phylogenetic relationships among eight species of Rosa section Synstylae occurring in Far-East Asia was resolved. Analyses revealed a complex evolutionary history of Rosa sect. Synstylae lineage likely shaped by combination of deep coalescence and genetic introgressions. These phylogenomic approaches may provide the opportunities to take a closer look on the comprehensive systematics of East Asian wild roses.