16S rRNA gene sequencing of nasal lavage in asthma children

Early life RSV bronchiolitis is a risk factor for recurrent wheeze (RW) and asthma. In a proof-of-concept randomized trial, we found that azithromycin (AZM) treatment reduced the occurrence of post-RSV RW. By 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we found AZM treatment shifted the microbial community, especially significantly reduced Moraxella abundance. Lower Moraxella abundance was significantly associated with reduced odds of post-RSV RW.