Vertical energy seascapes and diving behavior modulate metabolic scope in a pelagic predator

Pelagic fishes must obtain resources in prey-sparse habitats and may be considered energy speculators with maximization, gambling high energy costs (e.g. metabolism) for a high rate of return (prey capture). As such, they may have to carefully use their energy seascape to obtain the resources necessary for high growth rates. For diving animals, their energy seascape will also have a vertical component in addition to a horizontal one, which is rarely considered. Dolphinfish, Coryphaena hippurus, embody the maximization strategy as they have high metabolic rates and fast growth rates. We coupled biologging on wild individuals with lab-based respirometry to estimate dolphinfish swimming metabolic rates and vertical energy seascapes. Dolphinfish performed continuous yo-yo dives with deeper dives at night but higher activity during the day. Dive descents were ~27% less costly than the ascents. Fish modulated their behavior so that metabolic costs during the descent/ascent phases of deeper di..., We coupled biologging on wild individuals with lab-based respirometry to estimate dolphinfish swimming metabolic rates and vertical energy seascapes. Wild-captured dolphinfish were used to directly relate fish activity to metabolic expenditure by placing ADL-tagged individuals into a large annular respirometer to measure oxygen consumption. Following the 24-h fasting period, the water level in the holding tank was decreased and fish were corralled using a soft, pliable vinyl barrier so that an individual fish could be guided into a water-filled sling. The captured fish was weighed, measured, and then fitted with a biologging tag package that included a multi-sensor ADL (model AGM, 6 cm in length, 2 cm wide, 1.5 cm high, 25 g in air, Technosmart, Rome, Italy) embedded in a buoyant float made of syntactic foam for tag recovery during field deployments. The ADL includes an accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer each recording in all three axes (x, y, and z) at 25 Hz, as well as a depth..., , # Data from: Vertical energy seascapes and diving behavior modulate metabolic scope in a pelagic predator

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.t4b8gtjcs](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.t4b8gtjcs)

## Description of the data and file structure

### Files and variables

#### File: DF\_Respirometry\_Data.csv

**Description:** Respirometry and accelerometry data used to derive the relationship between tailbeat frequency and metabolic rate.

##### Variables

* FishID: Unique Fish ID
* MO2: Metabolic rate (mgO2 kg h-1)
* TBF: Tailbeat Frequency (Hz)
* TBP: Tailbeat Period (s)
* TBA: Tailbeat Amplitude (g)
* ODBA: Overall Dynamic Body Acceleration (g)
* Temp: Temperature (Degrees Celsius)
* Mass: Body mass of the fish (kg)
* FL: Fork Length of the fish (cm) 

#### File: DF\_Energetics\_Manuscript\_Dataframe.csv

**Description:** Data from the acceleration dataloggers for the tracks of the dolphinfish tagged in Baja California, Mexico

##### Variables

* DateTime: Date and time (YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS)
...,