Supplementary Information Files for Body mapping of regional sweat distribution in young and older males

Supplementary Information Files for Body mapping of regional sweat distribution in young and older malesPurpose Given the pressing impact of global warming and its detrimental effect on the health of older populations, understanding age-related changes in thermoregulatory function is essential. Age differences in regional sweat distribution have been observed previously, but given the typically small measurement areas assessed, the development of whole body sweat maps for older individuals is required. Therefore, this study investigated age-related differences in regional sweat distribution in a hot environment (32 °C/50%RH) in young and older adults, using a body mapping approach. Methods Technical absorbent pads were applied to the skin of 14 young (age 24 ± 2 years) and 14 older (68 ± 5 years) males to measure regional sweat rate (RSR) at rest (30 min) and during exercise (30 min), at a fixed heat production (200 W m−2). Gastrointestinal (Tgi) and skin temperature (Tsk), heart rate, thermal sensation, and thermal comfort were also measured. Results Whole body sweat maps showed that despite equal heat production, healthy older males had significantly lower gross sweat loss (GSL) than the young and significantly lower RSR at almost all body regions at rest and at the hands, legs, ankles, and feet during exercise. The lower sweat loss in the older group coincided with a greater increase in Tgi and a consistently higher Tsk at the legs, despite subjectively feeling slightly cooler than younger individuals. Conclusion These findings support the evidence of age-related deterioration in both autonomic and subjective responses in the heat and highlight the lower extremities as the most affected body region.

补充信息文件：青年与老年男性区域性汗液分布的体表映射研究
目的鉴于全球变暖的紧迫影响及其对老年人群健康造成的负面影响，理解体温调节功能的年龄相关性变化至关重要。先前已观察到区域汗液分布的年龄差异，但鉴于通常评估的测量区域面积较小，对于老年人而言，开发全身汗液分布图是必要的。因此，本研究采用体表映射方法，在高温环境（32 °C/50%RH）下，探究了青年和老年成年人在休息（30分钟）和运动（30分钟）状态下，区域汗液分布的年龄相关性差异。方法将技术吸水垫贴附于14名青年（24±2岁）和14名老年（68±5岁）男性的皮肤上，以测量休息时（30分钟）和运动时（30分钟）的区域汗液流速（RSR），在固定的热产生量（200 W m−2）下进行。同时测量了胃肠道（Tgi）和皮肤温度（Tsk）、心率、热感觉和热舒适度。结果全身汗液分布图显示，尽管热产生量相等，健康的老年男性总体汗液流失（GSL）显著低于青年，且在休息时以及运动时的手、腿、脚踝和脚等几乎所有身体部位的区域汗液流速均显著低于青年。老年组较低的汗液流失与胃肠道温度的较大增加以及腿部皮肤温度的持续较高相一致，尽管主观上感觉略低于青年人。结论这些发现支持了年龄相关性体温调节自主性和主观反应下降的证据，并将下肢确定为最受影响的身体区域。