Geophysical data: Horsens GPR (Kettle Hole Investigation) 2017 to 2018

We investigated a small kettle hole near the township of Tyrsted, south of Horsens (Denmark) with the aim to determine the extension and depth of this feature using geophysical methods. A former excavation at Tyrsted carried out from the Horsens Museum in 2017 at a neighboring site revealed Late Palaeolithic flint of the Bromme type and worked reindeer antlers. This connection in a Late Glacial horizon is unique not only in a Danish context and it can help to improve and clarify the dating of the Bromme culture. We used ground penetrating radar (GPR), electromagnetic induction (EMI) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) to estimate the extension of the kettle hole (~16 m × 25 m). Shear wave reflection and refraction seismics (SH Seismics) were able to detect the bottom sediment of the former lake at about ~5 m depth. Furthermore, a seismic event at about 1.30 m depth is visible which can be associated to the transition between the Allerød and Younger Dryas sediment making the detection of the Bromme horizon possible. After the non-invasive investigation, a location for an open excavation has been chosen in a way to groundtruth the geophysical results allowing the direct comparison with the stratigraphy. These results allow the archaeologists to identify key excavation areas focused on the investigation of the Allerød and Younger Dryas layers in a way to improve the dating information about the Bromme horizon collected so far.