Posterior scleritis

Abstract Posterior Scleritis (PS) is an inflammation of the posterior scleral segment, of low inflammatory or infectious etiology, with a rapid, progressive and irreversible evolution with severe visual impairment, especially if the diagnosis and treatment of (PS) are not performed in time skillful. Ocular pain, eye movement pain, headache and visual haze are the main signs and symptoms. It can be of idiopathic cause or associated with systemic disease in up to 45% of the cases. Rheumatoid arthritis is described as the most common association. Infectious causes may be present such as: Simple Herpes, Ophthalmic Herpes Zoster, Syphilis and Tuberculosis. Bilaterality can occur in up to 35% of cases being more prevalent in women from the fifth decade of life.摘要：后部巩膜炎（Posterior Scleritis, PS）是累及眼球后段巩膜的炎症性疾病，病因多为低活动度炎症或感染，病情进展迅速且不可逆，可引发严重视力损害，尤其是若未能及时且规范地进行诊断与治疗时。眼部疼痛、眼球转动痛、头痛及视物模糊为其主要体征与症状。约45%的病例可为特发性，或合并全身性疾病，其中类风湿关节炎是最常见的合并基础疾病。感染性病因包括单纯疱疹、眼带状疱疹、梅毒及结核。双侧受累病例占比可达35%，且该病在50岁以上女性群体中更为高发。