手足口病监测数据

手足口病是由肠道病毒引起的传染病，引发手足口病的肠道病毒有20多种（型），其中以柯萨奇病毒A16型（Cox A16）和肠道病毒71型（EV 71）最为常见。多发生于5岁以下儿童，表现口痛、厌食、低热、手、足、口腔等部位出现小疱疹或小溃疡，多数患儿一周左右自愈，少数患儿可引起心肌炎、肺水肿、无菌性脑膜脑炎等并发症。个别重症患儿病情发展快，导致死亡。目前缺乏有效治疗药物主要对症治疗。
本数据库收集了自2008年传染病网络直报以来报告的全部数据，主要内容包括按地区、年龄性别、职业、病种分别统计的发病人数、发病率、死亡人数、死亡率等统计汇总数据及相关原始个案数据。

Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is an infectious disease caused by enteroviruses. More than 20 serotypes of enteroviruses have been identified as causative agents of HFMD, with Coxsackievirus A16 (Cox A16) and Enterovirus 71 (EV 71) being the two most prevalent ones. Most cases occur in children under 5 years of age, presenting with symptoms including oral pain, anorexia, low-grade fever, and small vesicles or ulcers on the hands, feet, oral mucosa and other sites. Most patients recover spontaneously within approximately one week, while a small proportion of cases may develop complications such as myocarditis, pulmonary edema, and aseptic meningitis and encephalitis. A small number of severe cases progress rapidly and lead to death. Currently, there are no effective specific antiviral drugs, and treatment is mainly supportive and symptomatic.

This database collects all reported data since the launch of the national web-based direct reporting system for notifiable infectious diseases in 2008. Its main contents include aggregated statistical data such as the number of incident cases, incidence rate, number of deaths and mortality rate, stratified by region, age, gender, occupation and disease type, as well as relevant original individual case data.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是由中国疾病预防控制中心创建的手足口病监测数据，涵盖2008年传染病网络直报以来的全国范围数据，包含2758.5万条记录和3.0GB的数据量，主要提供按地区、年龄性别、职业、病种统计的发病人数、发病率、死亡人数、死亡率等汇总信息和原始个案数据。数据集专注于流行病学领域，属于公共卫生与保障分类，具有特色数据属性，但实体数据暂不共享，采用CC0许可允许公益免费使用。