Rebuilding green infrastructure in boreal production forest given future global wood demand

Global policy for future biodiversity conservation is ultimately implemented at landscape and local scales. In parallel, green infrastructure (GI) planning needs to account for socio-economic dynamics at national and global scales. Progress towards policy goals must, in turn, be evaluated at the landscape scale. Evaluation tools are often environmental quality objectives (EQO) indicators.
We present three management scenarios for a 100,000 hectare boreal forest landscape in Sweden in the coming 100 years. The scenarios optimize financial returns and account for downscaled projected global demand of wood given a middle-of-the road Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP2). We contrast a reference scenario meeting the wood demand against an economy scenario with no upper harvest limit, and a green infrastructure (GI) scenario optimizing the levels of four EQO indicators (the area of old forest, the area of mature broadleaf-rich forest, the amount of deadwood and the density of large trees).
EQO...