VORTEX (Variscite Origin Recognition Technology X-ray based) Data. A european geoarchaeological green phosphate compositional dataset

This dataset includes the compositional information of n=1,778 samples of geoarchaeological green phosphate minerals sourced from three major Iberian deposits: Aliste, Terena, and the Gavà Mines. It has been used to develop a data-driven framework that integrates portable X-ray fluorescence (p-XRF) analysis and machine learning (ML), to determine the provenance of archaeological artifacts based on its elemental composition. Additionally, we present the data from n=571 variscite beads from 15 Iberian and french archaeological sites, representing a diverse range of chrono-cultural contexts spanning the Neolithic to the Bronze Age used to test the model.